What are chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes called?

Chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes are called autosomes. In humans, there are 23 pairs of chromosomes, out of which 22 pairs are autosomes and 1 pair is made up of sex chromosomes (X and Y). Autosomes carry the majority of an individual's genetic information, which dictates various traits and functions, while sex chromosomes determine the biological sex of the individual.

In contrast, haploids refer to cells that contain a single set of chromosomes, such as gametes (sperm and egg cells). Diploids indicate cells with two sets of chromosomes, which is the typical state for somatic cells in organisms that reproduce sexually. Gametes are specific to the reproductive process and include both sperm and egg cells, which contain half the number of chromosomes found in somatic cells. Therefore, the defining characteristic of autosomes as being non-sex chromosomes makes it the correct answer.