What are the three types of RNA involved in protein synthesis?

The correct answer identifies the three types of RNA that play crucial roles in the process of protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA).

mRNA is responsible for carrying the genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where proteins are synthesized. During transcription, a segment of DNA is copied into mRNA, which then serves as a template for the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

tRNA's primary function is to transport specific amino acids to the ribosome during translation. Each tRNA molecule has an anticodon that pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA strand, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.

rRNA is a key structural component of ribosomes, the cellular machinery where protein synthesis occurs. It helps to catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids and facilitates the proper alignment of mRNA and tRNA during translation.

Other options include components that are not involved in the direct process of protein synthesis. Enhancers, for example, are regulatory sequences in DNA that enhance the transcription of genes but are not types of RNA. Similarly, polypeptide RNA is not a recognized category