What is the result of DNA replication?

DNA replication is a fundamental process in which a cell duplicates its DNA before cell division, ensuring that each new cell has the same genetic information. The correct answer indicates that the result of this process is the formation of two DNA strands, each composed of one old (template) strand and one newly synthesized strand. This semi-conservative method of replication means that each new double helix consists of one original strand and one new strand, which helps maintain genetic stability.

This mechanism is crucial because it reduces the chances of errors during DNA replication and ensures that the genetic information is accurately passed on to the next generation of cells. The presence of one old strand serves as a template for the synthesis of the new strand, facilitating the correct pairing of nucleotides according to the rules of complementary base pairing (adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine).

In contrast, the other choices do not accurately describe the outcome of DNA replication. One choice that suggests simply duplicating one DNA strand overlooks the critical aspect of having two strands as a result. Another option refers to the conversion of DNA to RNA, which describes transcription rather than replication. The final choice about protein synthesis corresponds to translation, a process that occurs after transcription and does not directly relate to the process