What is the significance of the Human Genome Project?

The Human Genome Project is significant because it successfully mapped all human genes and their functions, providing a comprehensive blueprint of human DNA. This monumental research effort has led to profound advancements in our understanding of genetics, including the identification of genes associated with various diseases, which can assist in developing targeted therapies and personalized medicine. By determining the locations of genes on chromosomes, researchers can now investigate the roles of specific genes in health and disease more effectively. This foundational knowledge continues to drive ongoing research in genetic studies, diagnostics, and therapeutic innovations. The other options do not accurately reflect the project's goals or outcomes; for instance, while it contributed to understanding RNA and protein structures, it was not limited to those areas or aimed solely at eradicating genetic diseases.