What term refers to an individual's genetic makeup?

The term that refers to an individual's genetic makeup is genotype. The genotype encompasses all the genetic information an organism carries, including the genes inherited from both parents. It is the underlying blueprint that contributes to the organism's characteristics and biological functions.

In contrast, phenotype describes the observable traits or characteristics of an individual, which result from the interaction of the genotype with the environment. Traits are specific features or characteristics displayed by an organism, such as eye color or height. Chromosomes, on the other hand, are structures within cells that hold the genetic material (DNA). They are a physical representation of the genetic information but do not define the complete genetic makeup of an individual like the genotype does.